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Proof means that the coin was minted using polished dies, they can be distinguished from normal circulation coins by their sharper rim and design. The dies for making proof coins are treated with chemicals to make certain parts of the coin's design take on a frosted appearance with the polished fields taking on a mirror finish. Proof coins are double struck at twice the pressure of normal circulation coins, this does not normally result in doubling that is readily observable but does ensure the coins are struck fully. Proof coins are manufactured as specimen coins for collectors and museums.

Pre-1968 Proof coins were minted only in Philadelphia except for rare or commemorative issues that were minted at other branch mints. Current Proof coins (1968-present) are minted in San Francisco and West Point. All Proof coins are originally sold by the US Mint at a premium in specialy designed, sonically sealed, plastic cases. Proof coins are generally classified into three finishes: Frosted, Matte and Brilliant.

Frosted Proofs - started to appear in the late 1970's, these coins have a mirror-like field with a heavy contrasting frosted or dull design. Frosted Proofs are commonly refered to as cameo.

Matte Proofs - have a granular surface instead of a mirror-like finish.

Brilliant Proofs - These are the more common proof coins being issued from 1936 to now. They have a consistent brilliant mirror-like surface with sharp details.

The striking of proof sets was suspended from 1943 - 1949. The Philadelphia Mint resumed proof coin striking from 1950 - 1964, but was agained suspended with the production of the Specail Mint Set from 1965-1967. The San Francisco mint then took the proof coin flag in 1968 and continues to produce them today. Regular Proof Sets struck from 1936 - 1972 include the cent, nickel, dime, quarter and half. Proof sets issued from 1973 - 1981 included the Eisenhower Dollar and later the Susan B. Anthony. Starting in 1982 the mint resumed striking only cent, nickel, dime, quarter and half proof coins in Proof Sets until the introduction of the Statehood Quarters Program in 1999.

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